viernes, 25 de diciembre de 2015

Usas cuchara de plástico o inox?

El sabor de los cubiertos: como se altera el sabor de la comida según el peso, tamaño, forma y color de los cubiertos que usamos.


Un trabajo publicado en 2013 demuestra como es diferente la percepción de lo que comemos según los cubiertos que usamos: 

Harrar and Spence Flavour 2013, 2:21 http://www.flavourjournal.com/content/2/1/21

Aquí os dejo el abstract:

Background: 

Recent evidence has shown that changing the plateware can affect the perceived taste and flavour of food, but very little is known about visual and proprioceptive influences of cutlery on the response of consumers to the food sampled from it. In the present study, we report three experiments designed to investigate whether food tastes different when the visual and tactile properties of the plastic cutlery from which it is sampled are altered. We independently varied the weight, size, colour, and shape of cutlery. We assessed the impact of changing the sensory properties of the cutlery on participantsratings of the sweetness, saltiness, perceived value, and overall liking of the food tasted from it.


Results: 

The results revealed that yoghurt was perceived as denser and more expensive when tasted from a lighter plastic spoon as compared to the artificially weighted spoons; the size of the spoon only interacted with the spoon-weight factor for the perceived sweetness of the yoghurt. The taste of the yoghurt was also affected by the colour of the cutlery, but these effects depended on the colour of the food as well, suggesting that colour contrast may have been responsible for the observed effects. Finally, we investigated the influence of the shape of the cutlery. The results showed that the food was rated as being saltiest when sampled from a knife rather than from a spoon, fork, or toothpick.

Conclusions: 

Taken together, these results demonstrate that the properties of the cutlery can indeed affect peoples taste perception of everyday foods, most likely when expectations regarding the cutlery or the food have been disconfirmed. We discuss these results in the context of changing environmental cues in order to modify peoples eating habits.

 Los resultados se podrían resumir en:

  • El yogur se percibía un 15% mas sabroso cuando se presentaba en cuchara de metal en vez de plástico o una cuchara que pesara poco.
  • Cuando se combinaba un bol y una cuchara de mayor peso hacia el yogur mas sabroso. 

  • Los envases de plástico o los cubiertos mas redondeados aumentan la percepción de dulce. 
  • El color de la cuchara influiría según el contraste que hiciera con el color del alimento. El color del plato también influye, siendo el color blanco el que hace que se perciba como mas dulce, por ejemplo un postre de frambuesas.
  • Los platos con ángulos reforzaban el sabor amargo de la comida, lo cual funciona bien con postres que contengan chocolate negro o café.
  • Los quesos se degustan como mas salados si se comen de un cuchillo en comparación a cuando se toman de un tenedor o palillo.

  • En general, las comidas parecen más agradables si se hacen con cubiertos pesados.

Los autores del artículo han trabajado con múltiples cocineros conocidos en todo el mundo como Ferran Adria, usando sus restaurantes para comprobar sus hipótesis. Y con estos datos te das cuenta que nos pueden hacer comer lo que quieran siempre que este bien presentado... Somos completamente influenciables por el medio!!

martes, 8 de diciembre de 2015

Formación para aprender a comer

En el siguiente artículo se demuestra, como un curso sobre nutrición y cocina, llevado a cabo vía online, mediante vídeos, produce un cambio significativo en la forma de cocinar y en el tipo de alimentación que se usa. 

Es una vía, a nuestro alcance, para promover buenos hábitos en nuestro entorno.


Aquí os dejo la referencia y abstrat:

Massive open online nutrition and cooking course for improved eating behaviors and meal composition 

Maya Adam1*, Kelly C. Young-Wolff2, Ellen Konar3 and Marilyn Winkleby

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (2015) 12:143
DOI 10.1186/s12966-015-0305-2  

Background: Behavioral shifts in eating, favoring the increased consumption of highly processed foods over healthier, home-cooked alternatives, have led to widespread health problems. This study reports on the effectiveness of a massive open online course (MOOC), offering integrated nutrition and cooking instruction, for improving eating behaviors and meal composition among course participants.

Methods: The course, consisting of 47 short (46 min.) videos, was offered through Coursera, an open, online learning platform, available to individuals worldwide who have access to the Internet. Beginning in January 2014, participants viewed course videos, completed quizzes and participated in optional cooking assignments, over a 5-week period. Participants were invited to complete optional pre- and post-course surveys assessing their eating behaviors, typical meal composition and perceived barriers to home cooking. McNemar-Bowker tests of symmetry and within subject t-tests were conducted to evaluate pre-post survey changes in the primary variables measured.

Results: 7,422 participants from more than 80 countries completed both pre- and post-course surveys, while 19,374 participants completed the pre-survey only. Class participants were primarily women in the child-rearing ages (2049 years of age). There were significant positive changes in eating behaviors and meal composition over time, including an increase in the percentage of participants who reported cooking dinner at home using mostly fresh ingredients 57 times in the previous week (63.4 % to 71.4 %), and who felt that yesterdays dinner was very/extremely healthy (39.3 % to 56.4 %) and enjoyable (55.2 % to 66.7 %) (all p values < .0001).

Conclusions: Integrated nutrition and cooking courses, delivered via open online learning platforms, offer a free and flexible venue for reaching adults worldwide and have the potential to catalyze powerful behavioral shifts that align well with efforts to improve eating behaviors and meal composition